CrewMark checks every roster against five layers of rules. The three public ones, EASA, national aviation rules and labour law, are listed here in full, in plain language, with how each one is checked. The other two, your airline's operations manual and your base's collective labour agreement, are private to that airline's crew: we apply them only to crew of that airline and base, and never publish them.

How the layers work

EASA: the European flight-time limitations (Regulation (EU) No 965/2012, Part-ORO Subpart FTL, and EASA's certification specifications CS FTL.1). They apply to every crew member of an EU airline.
National aviation authority: extra national aviation rules of the country that licenses your airline (its air operator certificate). A Czech decree binds Czech-licensed airlines, not an airline licensed in Malta that has crew in Prague.
Labour law: working- and rest-time law of the country of your work contract (your contractual base), whichever country licenses the airline.
Operator policy: your airline's own scheme, which may be stricter than EASA.
Collective labour agreement: what your base's agreement adds.

Every layer is checked, and each one shows its own findings. The strictest rule decides: a duty that is fine under EASA but breaks your agreement is shown as a breach of the agreement. Swaps are checked the same way before you accept them.

Today 63 of the 104 EASA rules are checked automatically. Others are definitions, things a roster cannot show (training, meals, records), or rules we are still adding; each one says which.

Which clock each rule uses

EASA defines the clock for each limit (ORO.FTL.105). CrewMark keeps every roster time in UTC; a roster printed in local time is converted with the time zone of each airport, summer time included. Each finding says which clock it used.

Rule	Clock
Maximum flight duty (Table 2) and the extension table	Reference time: local time where you report if it is within 1 hour of the time zone you are acclimatised to, otherwise that zone's time
WOCL, early start, late finish, night duty	The time zone you are acclimatised to
Local night (22:00–08:00) and local day (00:00–24:00)	Local time where you are
Rest, duty and flight time; any 7, 14 or 28 days	Durations; the windows are rolling hours (168, 336, 672 hours)
Calendar months and years	The local date at your home base

National rules use their own clock where their text says so, for example local days off at home base.

EASA rules

General and definitions

Who the EASA flight time limits apply to
ORO.FTL.100 · Definition
The EASA flight and duty time rules apply to airlines and their flight and cabin crew on commercial air transport flights with aeroplanes.
If you fly for an EU airline on commercial flights, these rules set the floor for your roster.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Definitions used by the flight time rules
ORO.FTL.105 · Definition
Key terms: home base (where you normally start and end duty and the airline does not pay your accommodation); FDP (from report until on-blocks after your last operating sector); duty period (report until free of all duties); rest period (continuous time free of all duties, standby and reserve); WOCL (02:00-05:59 where you are acclimatised); local night (8 hours between 22:00 and 08:00 local); night duty (any duty touching 02:00-04:59); standby (available for a call without rest in between); reserve (available for duty notified at least 10 hours ahead); positioning (moving you as a non-operating crew member); split duty break (time free of tasks inside an FDP); augmented crew (more pilots than the minimum, for in-flight rest); rotation (duties away from home base starting and ending there); single day free of duty (one day and two local nights, notified in advance).
Disruptive schedules come in two national choices. 'Early type': early start 05:00-05:59, late finish 23:00-01:59. 'Late type': early start 05:00-06:59, late finish 00:00-01:59. Night duty is any duty touching 02:00-04:59 where you are acclimatised.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Every crew member has a home base
ORO.FTL.200 · Definition
The airline must give each crew member a home base.
CrewMark uses the home base in your profile to choose between home-base and away-from-base rest rules.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Where the certification specifications apply
CS FTL.1.100 · Definition
CS FTL.1 covers scheduled and charter commercial air transport by aeroplane, excluding medical (EMS), air taxi and single-pilot operations.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Home base is one airport
CS FTL.1.200(a) · Definition
The home base is a single airport, assigned with a high degree of permanence.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Rosters and planning

Roster published 14 days in advance
ORO.FTL.110(a) + AMC1 ORO.FTL.110(a) · Partly checked
The airline must publish rosters early enough for crew to plan rest. The EASA acceptable means of compliance says 14 days in advance.
Your roster for a period should be out at least 14 days before it starts.
Information only: CrewMark reads the publication date from the PDF you upload, which cannot prove when your airline actually published the roster to you.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Flight duty period (FDP)

Maximum daily FDP for acclimatised crew (Table 2)
ORO.FTL.205(b)(1) Table 2 · Checked automatically
Without extensions, the longest FDP depends on the report time (on the clock you are acclimatised to) and the number of sectors: 13:00 for 1-2 sectors reporting 06:00-13:29, falling by 30 minutes per extra sector, down to 09:00. Late, night and very early reports get less.
This is the main daily limit CrewMark checks on every flight day.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Cabin crew reporting before the flight crew
ORO.FTL.205(c) · Checked automatically · cabin crew only
When cabin crew report earlier than the pilots for the same flights, the cabin crew FDP may be longer by that difference, up to 1 hour. The maximum is read from the pilots' report time, but the cabin crew FDP starts at the cabin crew report.
An earlier cabin report does not eat into your maximum FDP, as long as it is no more than 1 hour before the pilots.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Delayed reporting procedures
ORO.FTL.205(g) · Definition
The airline must have procedures for delaying a report time because of unforeseen circumstances, following the certification specifications (CS FTL.1.205(d)).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Delayed reporting: one delay, or a second notice
CS FTL.1.205(d)(1)(i)-(ii) · Not visible on a roster
The airline may delay your report time if its manual has a procedure and you are told in time to stay in your accommodation. If the report is changed again, the FDP starts 1 hour after the second notice, or at the first delayed report time if that is earlier.
Your roster shows only the final report time, so CrewMark cannot see a delayed report.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Delay under 4 hours: limit from the original report
CS FTL.1.205(d)(1)(iii) · Not visible on a roster
If the delay is less than 4 hours, the maximum FDP is based on the original report time and the FDP counts from the delayed report.
Your roster shows only the final report time, so CrewMark cannot see a delayed report.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Delay of 4 hours or more: the stricter limit
CS FTL.1.205(d)(1)(iv) · Not visible on a roster
If the delay is 4 hours or more, the maximum FDP uses the more limiting of the original and delayed report times, and the FDP counts from the delayed report.
Your roster shows only the final report time, so CrewMark cannot see a delayed report.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
After reduced rest: next FDP shorter by the shortfall
CS FTL.1.235(c)(4) · Checked automatically
The FDP after a reduced rest is reduced by the difference between the normal minimum rest and the reduced rest.
Runs when CrewMark knows your airline uses a reduced-rest scheme. There is no setting for this in the app yet.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Extending the FDP

Planned FDP extension: +1 hour, at most twice in 7 days
ORO.FTL.205(d)(1) · Checked automatically
Without in-flight rest, the maximum daily FDP may be extended by up to 1 hour, no more than twice in any 7 consecutive days.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Extension: 2 hours more rest before and after
ORO.FTL.205(d)(1)(i) · Checked automatically
Option (i) for a planned extension: the minimum rest before and the minimum rest after the extended FDP are each 2 hours longer.
The airline may use this option or option (ii), 4 hours more after. CrewMark accepts the duty if either option works.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Extension: or 4 hours more rest after
ORO.FTL.205(d)(1)(ii) · Checked automatically
Option (ii) for a planned extension: instead of 2 hours more on both sides, the minimum rest after the extended FDP is 4 hours longer.
The rest before the extended FDP then only needs the normal minimum.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Two extended FDPs in a row: extra rest added together
ORO.FTL.205(d)(2) · Checked automatically
When two consecutive FDPs are both extended, the extra rest owed after the first and the extra rest owed before the second are added together in the rest between them.
Between two extended duties you need the normal minimum rest plus 2 to 6 hours, depending on which option the airline uses for each duty. CrewMark tries every combination and accepts the roster if one works.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Extension: planned in advance, sector limits by WOCL
ORO.FTL.205(d)(3) · Checked automatically
An extension must be planned in advance and is limited to 5 sectors if the FDP does not touch the WOCL, 4 sectors if it touches it by 2 hours or less, and 2 sectors if by more than 2 hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Extension not combined with in-flight rest or split duty
ORO.FTL.205(d)(4) · Checked automatically
A planned extension without in-flight rest cannot be combined with an in-flight rest extension or a split duty in the same duty period.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Extension limits come from the certification specifications
ORO.FTL.205(d)(5) · Definition
The airline's scheme sets the extended maximum FDP following the EASA certification specifications, taking sectors and WOCL into account. For scheduled and charter flights that is the table in CS FTL.1.205(b).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Longer FDP with in-flight rest (augmented crew)
ORO.FTL.205(e) · Checked automatically
The FDP may be extended with in-flight rest under conditions set by the certification specifications: number of sectors, minimum in-flight rest per crew member, class of rest facility and number of extra pilots.
Checked when your roster marks a duty as augmented (in-flight rest). Rosters CrewMark reads today do not.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Maximum FDP with a planned extension (table)
CS FTL.1.205(b) · Checked automatically
The extended maximum depends on report time and sectors: up to 14:00 for 1-2 sectors reporting 07:00-13:29. No extension for reports 19:00-06:14, none with 5 sectors from 13:30, and only 1-2 sectors from 15:30. Early (06:15-06:59) and evening (17:30-18:59) reports get less than the basic maximum plus 1 hour.
If your duty is marked as extended, this table is the real limit, not simply the basic limit plus 1 hour.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
In-flight rest facility classes
CS FTL.1.205(c) · Definition
Class 1: a bunk or flat surface separate from cockpit and cabin. Class 2: a cabin seat reclining at least 45 degrees with at least 55 inches pitch and 20 inches width, curtained off from passengers. Class 3: a seat reclining at least 40 degrees with leg and foot support, curtained off and not next to passengers.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
In-flight rest: at most 3 sectors
CS FTL.1.205(c)(1)(i) · Checked automatically
An FDP extended with in-flight rest is limited to 3 sectors.
Checked when your roster marks a duty as augmented (in-flight rest).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
In-flight rest: at least 90 minutes each
CS FTL.1.205(c)(1)(ii) · Not visible on a roster
Each crew member gets at least 90 consecutive minutes of in-flight rest; the pilots at the controls for landing get 2 consecutive hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Maximum FDP with in-flight rest (augmented flight crew)
CS FTL.1.205(c)(2) · Checked automatically
With one extra pilot: up to 14 hours (class 3 rest), 15 hours (class 2) or 16 hours (class 1). With two extra pilots: 15, 16 or 17 hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Minimum in-flight rest for cabin crew
CS FTL.1.205(c)(3) · Not visible on a roster · cabin crew only
Cabin crew in-flight rest grows with the extended FDP: 1:30 up to 14:30 FDP, rising to 3:50 (class 1) for 17:31-18:00. Class 3 rest allows at most a 16:00 FDP and class 2 at most 17:00.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
In-flight rest: +1 hour for one long sector
CS FTL.1.205(c)(4) · Checked automatically
The augmented-crew limits may be 1 hour higher for FDPs of at most 2 sectors that include one sector with more than 9 hours of continuous flight time.
Checked when your roster marks a duty as augmented (in-flight rest).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Time in the rest facility is FDP
CS FTL.1.205(c)(5) · Definition
All time spent in the in-flight rest facility counts as FDP.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Commander's discretion

Commander's discretion: at most +2 hours (+3 with augmented crew)
ORO.FTL.205(f)(1)(i) · Checked automatically
For unforeseen circumstances that start at or after report, the commander may extend the maximum FDP by up to 2 hours, or up to 3 hours when the flight crew is augmented. Discretion counts from the basic maximum, not from a planned extension.
Discretion is for the day itself. A roster planned above the maximum is not covered by it.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Discretion: the last sector may continue
ORO.FTL.205(f)(1)(ii) · Not visible on a roster
If the allowed increase is exceeded on the final sector because of something unforeseen after take-off, the flight may continue to its destination or alternate.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Discretion: rest after may be cut, never below 10 hours
ORO.FTL.205(f)(1)(iii) · Checked automatically
The commander may reduce the rest after the FDP, but never below 10 hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Discretion: commander must cut duty if fatigue is severe
ORO.FTL.205(f)(2)-(3) · Not visible on a roster
If unforeseen circumstances could lead to severe fatigue, the commander must shorten the FDP or lengthen the rest. Before any change, the commander asks every crew member about their alertness.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Discretion must be reported
ORO.FTL.205(f)(4)-(6) · Not visible on a roster
The commander reports every use of discretion to the airline. If the FDP increase or rest reduction is more than 1 hour, the airline sends the report with its comments to the authority within 28 days. The airline must have a non-punitive process for discretion.
If discretion was used on your duty, a report should exist; ask your airline if you were affected.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Duty and flight time totals

Duty: 60 hours in any 7 consecutive days
ORO.FTL.210(a)(1) · Checked automatically
Total duty must not exceed 60 hours in any 7 consecutive days.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Duty: 110 hours in any 14 consecutive days
ORO.FTL.210(a)(2) · Checked automatically
Total duty must not exceed 110 hours in any 14 consecutive days.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Duty: 190 hours in any 28 consecutive days
ORO.FTL.210(a)(3) · Checked automatically
Total duty must not exceed 190 hours in any 28 consecutive days, spread as evenly as practicable.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Flight time: 100 hours in any 28 consecutive days
ORO.FTL.210(b)(1) · Checked automatically
Flight time on sectors you operate must not exceed 100 hours in any 28 consecutive days.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Flight time: 900 hours in a calendar year
ORO.FTL.210(b)(2) · Checked automatically
Flight time on sectors you operate must not exceed 900 hours in any calendar year.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Flight time: 1,000 hours in any 12 consecutive calendar months
ORO.FTL.210(b)(3) · Checked automatically
Flight time on sectors you operate must not exceed 1,000 hours in any 12 consecutive calendar months.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Post-flight duty counts as duty
ORO.FTL.210(c) · Definition
Time after the last flight for post-flight duties counts as duty. The airline sets its minimum in the operations manual.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Rest

Rest at home base: 12 hours or the preceding duty
ORO.FTL.235(a)(1) · Checked automatically
Before an FDP starting at home base, rest must be at least as long as the preceding duty period, or 12 hours, whichever is greater.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Home base rest with airline accommodation
ORO.FTL.235(a)(2) · Not visible on a roster
If the airline gives you suitable accommodation at home base, the away-from-base minimum rest applies instead.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Rest away from base: 10 hours or the preceding duty
ORO.FTL.235(b) · Checked automatically
Before an FDP starting away from home base, rest must be at least as long as the preceding duty period, or 10 hours, whichever is greater, including an 8-hour sleep opportunity.
EASA guidance (AMC1 ORO.FTL.235(b)) allows 1 hour for physiological needs and adds twice any hotel transfer time above 30 minutes.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Reduced rest
ORO.FTL.235(c) · Checked automatically
An airline scheme may reduce minimum rest following the certification specifications, setting the minimum reduced rest, the longer rest afterwards and the shorter FDP afterwards (CS FTL.1.235(c)).
Runs when CrewMark knows your airline uses a reduced-rest scheme. There is no setting for this in the app yet.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Extra rest for time zones and FDP extensions
ORO.FTL.235(e)(1) · Checked automatically
The airline's scheme must add rest to make up for time-zone differences and FDP extensions, following the certification specifications.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Extra rest after a change of home base
ORO.FTL.235(e)(3) · Definition
The airline's scheme must add rest after a change of home base (CS FTL.1.200(b)).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Change of home base: 72 hours rest with 3 local nights
CS FTL.1.200(b) · Checked automatically
After a change of home base, the first recovery rest before starting duty at the new base is 72 hours including 3 local nights. Travel between the old and new base is positioning.
Checked when your employment history (Settings → Career) shows the change of base and the uploaded rosters cover the move.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
After in-flight rest: 14 hours rest at destination
CS FTL.1.205(c)(6) · Checked automatically
After an FDP extended with in-flight rest, rest at destination is at least as long as the preceding duty, or 14 hours, whichever is greater.
Checked when your roster marks a duty as augmented (in-flight rest).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Delay of 10 hours or more counts as rest
CS FTL.1.205(d)(1)(v) · Not visible on a roster
If you are told of a delay of 10 hours or more and are not disturbed again, the delay counts as rest.
Your roster shows only the final report time, so CrewMark cannot see a delayed report.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Rotations and time zones: airline monitoring
CS FTL.1.235(b)(1)-(2), (5) · Not visible on a roster
A rotation is a series of duties away from home base, starting and ending there. The airline monitors rotations and combinations of rotations for fatigue and adapts rosters as needed.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Reduced rest: at least 12 hours at home, 10 away
CS FTL.1.235(c)(1)-(2) · Checked automatically
Under a reduced rest arrangement, which must be run under fatigue risk management, rest is at least 12 hours at home base and 10 hours away; it no longer has to match the preceding duty.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
After reduced rest: next rest longer by the shortfall
CS FTL.1.235(c)(3) · Checked automatically
The rest after a reduced rest is extended by the difference between the normal minimum rest and the reduced rest.
Runs when CrewMark knows your airline uses a reduced-rest scheme. There is no setting for this in the app yet.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
At most 2 reduced rests between recovery rests
CS FTL.1.235(c)(5) · Checked automatically
There may be at most 2 reduced rest periods between two recurrent extended recovery rests.
Runs when CrewMark knows your airline uses a reduced-rest scheme. There is no setting for this in the app yet.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Days off

Recovery rest: 36 hours with 2 local nights, at most 168 hours apart
ORO.FTL.235(d) · Checked automatically
You need a recurrent extended recovery rest of at least 36 hours including 2 local nights, and no more than 168 hours from the end of one to the start of the next.
In practice: at least one proper 'weekend' (36 h with two nights) in every 7 days.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Recovery rest of 2 local days twice a month
ORO.FTL.235(d), last sentence · Checked automatically
Twice every month, the recovery rest must be increased to 2 local days.
At least two separate recovery rests each month must each contain two whole local days (00:00-24:00 local time where you are, at home base or away). One long block of days off counts once.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Acclimatisation and time zones

Acclimatisation after crossing time zones (Table 1)
ORO.FTL.105(1) Table 1 · Checked automatically
You stay acclimatised to a 2-hour band around the time zone you left. When you start a duty more than 2 hours away from it, Table 1 decides from the time difference and the time since you reported whether you are still on home time (B), acclimatised to the new place (D) or in an unknown state (X).
Your maximum FDP is read on the clock you are acclimatised to. In state X the shorter unknown-acclimatisation limits apply.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Maximum daily FDP in an unknown state of acclimatisation (Table 3)
ORO.FTL.205(b)(2) Table 3 · Checked automatically
When you are in an unknown state of acclimatisation (state X), the report time does not matter: 11:00 for 1-2 sectors, 30 minutes less per extra sector, 09:00 from 6 sectors.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Unknown acclimatisation with an approved FRM (Table 4)
ORO.FTL.205(b)(3) Table 4 · Not visible on a roster
If the airline runs a fatigue risk management system that keeps monitoring safety, crew in an unknown state of acclimatisation may get 1 hour more for 1-2 sectors: 12:00, then 30 minutes less per extra sector, down to 09:00 at 8 sectors.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Home after a time-zone rotation: 2 to 5 local nights
CS FTL.1.235(b)(3)(i) · Checked automatically
Back at home base after a rotation with a time difference of 4 hours or more, the minimum rest is 2 to 5 local nights, depending on the largest time difference and how long ago you reported for the first FDP of the rotation.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Away after a 4-hour time change: 14 hours rest
CS FTL.1.235(b)(3)(ii) · Checked automatically
Away from home base, after an FDP with a time difference of 4 hours or more, rest is at least as long as the preceding duty, or 14 hours, whichever is greater. Once between two recovery rests this may also apply at home base if the airline provides a hotel.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
East-west switch: 3 local nights at home
CS FTL.1.235(b)(4) · Checked automatically
Between alternating eastward and westward rotations, you get at least 3 local nights of rest at home base.
The rule names no minimum time difference. CrewMark applies it to rotations of 4 hours or more, like the other time-zone rules.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Night and disruptive duties

Extra rest for disruptive schedules
ORO.FTL.235(e)(2) · Definition
The airline's scheme must add rest to make up for cumulative fatigue from disruptive schedules (CS FTL.1.235(a)).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Consecutive night duties: at most 4 sectors
CS FTL.1.205(a)(1) · Checked automatically
When setting the maximum FDP for consecutive night duties, each duty is limited to 4 sectors.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Fatigue management for night and late-finish duties
CS FTL.1.205(a)(2)-(3) · Not visible on a roster
The airline must actively manage fatigue from night and late-finish duties, ranking night duties by type: starting 02:00-04:59; ending 02:00-05:59 after starting at or before 01:59; and ending at or after 06:00 after starting at or before 01:59.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Late or night duty followed by an early start: rest includes a local night
CS FTL.1.235(a)(1) · Checked automatically
If a late finish or night duty is followed by an early start at home base, the rest between them must include 1 local night.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
4 or more disruptive duties: next recovery rest 60 hours
CS FTL.1.235(a)(2) · Checked automatically
If you do 4 or more night duties, early starts or late finishes between two recovery rests, the second recovery rest is extended to 60 hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Standby and reserve

Standby must be on the roster with start and end times
ORO.FTL.225(a)-(b) · Definition
Standby and any airport duty must be on the roster, with start and end times notified in advance. Airport standby runs from reporting until the end of the notified period.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Airport standby counts in full as duty
ORO.FTL.225(c) · Checked automatically
Airport standby counts in full as duty for the duty limits and for rest.
Standby at home counts 25 % (CS FTL.1.225(b)(3)); CrewMark adds both to your 7, 14 and 28-day duty totals.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Airport duty counts in full; FDP starts at airport duty report
ORO.FTL.225(d) · Partly checked
Any duty at the airport counts in full as duty, and the FDP counts in full from the airport duty report time.
Checked when the airport duty is part of the flight day on your roster.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Airport standby accommodation; scheme sets standby limits
ORO.FTL.225(e)-(f) · Not visible on a roster
The airline provides accommodation during airport standby. Its scheme sets the maximum standby length, how standby shortens the following FDP, rest after standby without a duty, and how home standby counts as duty (see CS FTL.1.225).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Reserve must be on the roster
ORO.FTL.230(a) · Definition
Reserve must be on the roster. A reserve that did not turn into duty cannot later be counted as extended recovery rest.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Reserve: maximum length and consecutive days
ORO.FTL.230(b) · Partly checked
The airline's scheme sets the maximum length of one reserve period and how many reserve days may follow each other, within the 168-hour recovery rest rule (CS FTL.1.230(c)).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Airport standby without a flight: normal rest after
CS FTL.1.225(a)(1) · Checked automatically
Airport standby that does not lead to an FDP is followed by the normal minimum rest.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Airport standby: FDP cut by standby beyond 4 hours
CS FTL.1.225(a)(2)(i) · Checked automatically
If you are called from airport standby, the FDP counts from its own start, but the maximum FDP is reduced by any standby time beyond 4 hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Airport standby + FDP: at most 16 hours
CS FTL.1.225(a)(2)(ii) · Checked automatically
Airport standby plus the FDP assigned from it may not exceed 16 hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Home standby: at most 16 hours
CS FTL.1.225(b)(1) · Checked automatically
Standby other than airport standby (at home or in a hotel) lasts at most 16 hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Standby + FDP: no more than 18 hours awake
CS FTL.1.225(b)(2) · Not visible on a roster
The airline's standby procedures must make sure standby plus FDP does not lead to more than 18 hours awake.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Home standby counts 25 % as duty
CS FTL.1.225(b)(3) · Checked automatically
A quarter of the time on standby other than airport standby counts as duty for the 7, 14 and 28-day duty limits.
When your roster does not say whether a standby is at the airport or at home, CrewMark counts it in full.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Standby ends at report; normal rest after
CS FTL.1.225(b)(4)-(5) · Checked automatically
Standby ends when you report at the reporting point, and is followed by the normal minimum rest.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Called from home standby: FDP cut after 6 hours
CS FTL.1.225(b)(6)-(7) · Checked automatically
If standby ends within its first 6 hours, the maximum FDP counts from report. If later, the maximum FDP is reduced by the standby time beyond 6 hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Standby before split duty or in-flight rest: 8 hours
CS FTL.1.225(b)(8) · Checked automatically
If the FDP is extended by in-flight rest or split duty, the 6 hours become 8 hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Night standby 23:00-07:00 does not count until called
CS FTL.1.225(b)(9) · Checked automatically
If standby starts between 23:00 and 07:00, the time between 23:00 and 07:00 does not count towards the FDP reduction until you are contacted.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Reasonable time to get to the airport
CS FTL.1.225(b)(10) · Not visible on a roster
The airline's response time between call and report must let you get from your place of rest to the reporting point in reasonable time.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Reserve is not duty; FDP counts from report
CS FTL.1.230(a)-(b) · Partly checked
An FDP assigned from reserve counts from its report time. Reserve itself does not count as duty for the duty limits or for rest.
Only when your roster marks EASA reserve. Reserve does not add to your duty hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Consecutive reserve days within the 168-hour rule
CS FTL.1.230(c) · Checked automatically
The airline sets the maximum number of consecutive reserve days, within the recovery rest rule of ORO.FTL.235(d).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Reserve: 8 hours protected sleep each day
CS FTL.1.230(d) · Not visible on a roster
For each reserve day the airline rosters an 8-hour period during which you are not contacted. Duty from reserve is notified at least 10 hours ahead (ORO.FTL.105).
Your roster does not show the protected 8 hours or when you were called, so CrewMark cannot check this.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Split duty

Split duty: a break on the ground can extend the FDP
ORO.FTL.220(a)-(b) · Definition
The airline's scheme may extend the maximum FDP for a break on the ground, following the certification specifications. The break counts in full as FDP.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
No split duty after reduced rest
ORO.FTL.220(c) · Checked automatically
A split duty must not follow a reduced rest.
Runs when CrewMark knows your airline uses a reduced-rest scheme (no setting for this in the app yet) and the split duty is on your roster or entered by you.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Split duty: break of at least 3 hours
CS FTL.1.220(a)-(b) · Checked automatically
The ground break must last at least 3 consecutive hours, not counting post- and pre-flight duties and travel, which together take at least 30 minutes.
Enter the break without the time for post- and pre-flight duties and travel (together at least 30 minutes).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Split duty: FDP +50 % of the break
CS FTL.1.220(c) · Checked automatically
The maximum FDP may be increased by up to half of the break.
A 4-hour break gives up to 2 hours more FDP.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Split duty: hotel for long or night breaks
CS FTL.1.220(d)-(e) · Partly checked
A break of 6 hours or more, or one touching the WOCL, needs suitable accommodation (a hotel room). With only accommodation (a crew room), break time beyond 6 hours or inside the WOCL does not count towards the extension.
Rosters do not say whether you had a hotel room for the break. CrewMark warns when the duty is only legal with one; a break during the night is not checked.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Split duty not combined with in-flight rest
CS FTL.1.220(f) · Checked automatically
Split duty cannot be combined with in-flight rest.
Checked when your roster marks a duty as augmented (in-flight rest).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Positioning

Positioning before operating is FDP, not a sector
ORO.FTL.215(a) · Checked automatically
Positioning after report but before you operate counts as FDP but not as a sector.
A deadhead leg at the start of your day uses up FDP time but does not lower your limit like an extra sector would.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
All positioning counts as duty
ORO.FTL.215(b) · Checked automatically
All time spent positioning counts as duty period.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
No positioning sector to join an augmented crew on the same flight
CS FTL.1.205(c)(7) · Not visible on a roster
A crew member does not start a flight as positioning and then become part of the operating crew on the same flight.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

The operator's own duties

Airline duties when planning rosters
ORO.FTL.110(b)-(j) · Not visible on a roster
The airline must plan FDPs so crew stay free from fatigue, set reporting times with enough time for ground duties, avoid patterns such as alternating day and night duties, give enough rest, plan recurrent extended recovery rest, and change a schedule when real operations exceed the maximum FDP on more than 33 % of its duties in a season.
These are planning duties for the airline. A single roster cannot show whether they were met.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Crew duties: use your rest
ORO.FTL.115 · Not visible on a roster
Crew must not fly when unfit through fatigue, and must make good use of the rest opportunities and facilities given to them.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Fatigue risk management (FRM)
ORO.FTL.120 · Not visible on a roster
Where a rule requires it, the airline must run a fatigue risk management system as part of its management system: a policy, documented processes, hazard identification, risk mitigation, safety assurance and promotion.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Airline flight time scheme approved by the authority
ORO.FTL.125 · Not visible on a roster
Each airline needs a flight time specification scheme approved by its authority, normally built on the EASA certification specifications (CS FTL.1). Any deviation must be described to the authority and analysed within 2 years.
Your airline's operations manual (OM-A chapter 7) is its approved scheme; CrewMark shows it as the Operator Policy layer where we have it.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Reporting times and commander's fatigue procedure
ORO.FTL.205(a) · Not visible on a roster
The airline sets reporting times for each operation and a procedure for the commander to shorten an FDP or lengthen rest, after talking to the crew, when special circumstances could cause severe fatigue.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Meals during the FDP
ORO.FTL.240 · Not visible on a roster
During the FDP there must be a chance to eat and drink, especially when it is longer than 6 hours. The operations manual says how.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Records kept for 24 months
ORO.FTL.245 · Not visible on a roster
The airline keeps records of each crew member's flight times, duty periods, FDPs, rest, days off and home base, and reports on extended FDPs and reduced rest, for 24 months. You can ask for a copy of your own records.
You are entitled to a copy of your own flight, duty and rest records.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Fatigue management training
ORO.FTL.250 · Not visible on a roster
The airline gives initial and recurrent fatigue management training to crew, rostering staff and managers.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

National aviation rules

These apply on top of EASA, by the country that licenses your airline. Choose the country:

Czech Republic

Civil Aviation Authority of the Czech Republic (ÚCL) · bases PRG · 15 rules

Rosters and planning

Change the planning when over 33 % of flights exceed the FDP
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §10 · Not visible on a roster
If more than 33 % of identically planned flights in a season exceed the maximum flight duty time in practice, the carrier must change its crew planning.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Flight duty period (FDP)

Report at least 60 min before flight at base (45 min away); post-flight at least 30 min
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §5(2), §3(2) · Checked automatically
Pre-flight preparation lasts at least 60 minutes at the home base and 45 minutes elsewhere. Post-flight duties last at least 30 minutes.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Augmented crew: 16 h FDP, 4 sectors; double crew: 18 h, 6 sectors
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §8–9 · Partly checked
An augmented crew may fly a flight duty of at most 16 hours with at most 4 sectors. A double crew (every function doubled) may fly at most 18 hours with at most 6 sectors. Both need proper rest seats or bunks on board.
Checked when your roster marks the duty as augmented (in-flight rest).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Commander's discretion

Commander's discretion: +2 h FDP (+3 h augmented); rest cut by 2 h at most, never below 10 h
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §14 · Partly checked
After unforeseen events the commander may extend the flight duty by at most 2 hours (3 hours for augmented or double crews), or shorten rest by at most 2 hours to no less than 10 hours. A shortened rest is added to the next rest, which may not be shortened.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Duty and flight time totals

Flight time: 280 hours in any 90 days
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §4 · Checked automatically
Total flight time may not exceed 280 hours in any 90 consecutive calendar days, whatever the EU limits allow.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Rest

Extended rest: 36 h with 2 local nights in 7 days, or 60 h with 3 local nights in 10 days
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §11(6) · Checked automatically
Within each period of 7 calendar days the rest must be extended to 36 hours including 2 local nights, or within 10 calendar days to 60 hours including 3 local nights. Each period starts the day after the crew member reports back from the previous extended rest (UTC days).
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Home-base rest after 5 days starting away from base
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §11(2) · Checked automatically
When duties start away from the home base on 5 or more days in a row, the rest is as long as it would be at the home base.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
Rest grows when hotel travel exceeds 2 hours
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §11(4)–(5) · Not visible on a roster
Rest is extended by any travel to and from accommodation beyond 2 hours. It may be shortened by travel under 2 hours only if the round trip is at most 1 h 30 min and the time at the accommodation is at least 10 hours.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Days off

At least 7 days off each calendar month
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §11(10)(a) · Checked automatically
The roster must give at least 7 days off in every calendar month. A day off is a calendar day with no duties; rest periods may fall inside it.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
At least 24 days off each calendar quarter
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §11(10)(b) · Checked automatically
The roster must give at least 24 days off in every calendar quarter. Rest periods may fall inside them.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
A day off includes 2 local nights; a lost day off is replaced
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §11(11) · Partly checked
Each day off must include 2 local nights. A rostered day off that is taken away for operational reasons must be replaced by another day off as soon as possible.
CrewMark checks the local nights around your days off. Whether a day off taken away was given back later needs your earlier rosters and is not checked.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Acclimatisation and time zones

Rest after crossing 4 or more time zones
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §11(7)–(9) · Partly checked
If report and finish are 4 or more hours apart in time, the rest is at least 14 hours plus 30 minutes for each time zone from the fifth. Back near the home base after such duties, rest is at least 24 hours or 4 times the time difference (up to 60 hours away), or at least 48 hours or 8 times the time difference (more than 60 hours away), whichever is longer.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Standby and reserve

Standby: at most 12 h at a time, 72 h in 28 days, 400 h a year
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §13(2) · Checked automatically
Standby (at the airport, in accommodation or at home) may last at most 12 hours within one duty, 72 hours in any 28 consecutive calendar days and 400 hours in a calendar year.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.
How standby counts towards FDP and duty
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §13(3)–(4) · Checked automatically
Airport standby counts half towards flight duty time and fully towards duty. Standby in accommodation does not count towards flight duty time and counts half towards duty. Standby at home counts half towards duty after its first 4 hours.
Depends on the roster saying whether a standby was at the airport, in a hotel or at home.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

Split duty

Split duty: break of at least 3 h, at most 12 h FDP in total
Decree 466/2006 Sb. §7 · Partly checked
A split duty needs a break of at least 3 hours, with a suitable room, or accommodation if the break is 4 hours or more or covers at least 3 hours between 22:00 and 06:00. The time difference may not exceed 3 hours, and the flight duty before and after the break may not exceed 12 hours together. Half of a break of 8 hours or more counts as duty.
Needs the split duty and its break on the roster or entered by you.
Checked against the official text on 2026-10-30.

The flight-time rules CrewMark checks

How the layers work

Which clock each rule uses

EASA rules

General and definitions

Rosters and planning

Flight duty period (FDP)

Extending the FDP

Commander's discretion

Duty and flight time totals

Rest

Days off

Acclimatisation and time zones

Night and disruptive duties

Standby and reserve

Split duty

Positioning

The operator's own duties

National aviation rules

Czech Republic

Rosters and planning

Flight duty period (FDP)

Commander's discretion

Duty and flight time totals

Rest

Days off

Acclimatisation and time zones

Standby and reserve

Split duty

Belgium

General and definitions

Germany

Flight duty period (FDP)

Duty and flight time totals

Rest

Days off

Acclimatisation and time zones

Standby and reserve

Split duty

Austria

General and definitions

The operator's own duties

Switzerland

Flight duty period (FDP)

Duty and flight time totals

Days off

Acclimatisation and time zones

Standby and reserve

Split duty

Latvia

General and definitions

Duty and flight time totals

Days off

Night and disruptive duties

The operator's own duties

Estonia

Flight duty period (FDP)

Duty and flight time totals

Rest

Days off

Night and disruptive duties

Standby and reserve

Split duty

Lithuania

General and definitions

Malta

General and definitions

Labour law

Czech Republic

Rosters and planning

Duty and flight time totals

Days off

Standby and reserve

Belgium

General and definitions

Germany

General and definitions

Austria

Rosters and planning

Duty and flight time totals